Construction activity

Statistical Office of the  Republic of Serbia (SORS)

Construction Unit

Dejana Đorđević

Head of the unit

5 Milana Rakića, Belgrade

dejana.djordjevic@stat.gov.rs

+381 11 2412922 ext. 260

Does not exist.

Value of construction work done is to provide basic information on changes in construction activity by quarters. This indicator shows the construction activity which is realized in the reporting period. To present construction activity on annual level, the values of construction works performed are used along with the size of buildings and civil engineering completed in the reference year. 

Data are collected by using the reporting method on the Quarterly survey on Construction (GRAĐ-31 forms) and Annually survey on Construction (GRAĐ-11 forms).

- National classification of economic activities - KD (2010) based on NACE Rev.2 classification (Statistical   Classification of Economic Activities in the European Community).

- Classification of Types of Constructions (CC classification).

Indicators of Production in Construction (IPC) cover activities listed in the Section F of NACE Rev.2.

The survey covers legal entities registered in the Section F of NACE Rev.2. - Construction (divisions 41, 42 and 43), as well as legal entities that are not registered in the construction industry but they perform significant construction works. 

Production value is value of construction works performed during the reference quarter on construction site. It excludes value of works performed by subcontractors, value of land purchase, architects’ or consultants' fees and VAT. Value of construction works covers value of works, built materials and finished products for embedding, purchased by the reporting units and reporting unit’s profit. Value of construction work refers to the value of all kinds of works new constructions and reconstruction, repair work and maintenance.

The purpose of Construction Production Indices is to show changes of the production in section Construction - total and separately for building construction and civil engineering, calculated on the base of production value. Indices are calculated according to the EU Regulations on STS. 

The size of completed buildings is presented for residential and non-residential buildings and expressed as the gross area (m²) or gross volume (m³). 

Observation units are buildings and civil engineering works, which are built by enterprises.

Reporting units are enterprises.

The statistical population comprises the production of enterprises registered in the Section F of NACE Rev.2. - Construction (divisions 41, 42 and 43) and also some non-construction companies which performing construction works.

Republic of Serbia.

(Remark: Since 1999, the Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia doesn’t dispose of certain data for AP Kosovo and Metohia, so they are not contained in the data coverage for the Republic of Serbia (total))

Series of annual data have covered the period from 1994, while data on completed buildings by year are shown from 2011.
Quarterly indices of construction production are presented from the first quarter of 2000.

Base (reference) year is 2021 in accordance with the STS Regulation.

Quarterly indicators: indices

Annual indicators: in thous. RSD, m², m³.

Quarter or year.

Quarterly data are sent regularly to Eurostat and IMF.

Data confidentiality is stipulated by:

- Official Statistics Law (Official Gazette of RS, number 104/2009), Articles 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, and 49.

(www.stat.gov.rs/media/2322/zakon_o_statisticie.pdf)

- Rulebook on statistical data protection in the Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia

(www.stat.gov.rs/media/2343/rulebook-on-statistical-data-protection-in-sors.doc ) 

- Guidelines on measures of data and information protection in the Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia

(www.stat.gov.rs/media/2341/guidelines-on-measures-of-data-and-information-protection-in-the-sors.doc )

Confidential data are treated according to policy rules (see Official statistics law, point 7.1).

Data are published only on the level at which they are not confidential.   

Calendar of releases is available at SORS website:

https://www.stat.gov.rs/en-US/calendar

Data are collected quarterly. Frequency of dissemination is quarterly and annually.

News release is not available.

Data on construction production are regularly published in Statistical releases, Monthly statistical bulletin, Statistical Yearbook, Regions in Republic of Serbia, Municipalities and regions and Statistical pocketbook 

Indexes that have been published in national publications calculated on the previous quarter and the previous year. 

Micro-data are not accessible.

Data on construction production index (total) are transmitted to Eurostat quarterly, beginning with the 1st quarter of 2000. The data are transmitted in Gesmes form.

Methodological information on the national methodologies is available on the statistical website: 

https://www.stat.gov.rs/en-us/istrazivanja/methodology-and-documents/?a=05&s=0

Not available.

Indicators of construction production are produced in accordance with methodological requirements and standards. Data are compared with previous and corresponding period and checks with different source are made. The results of this survey are comparable with the results of the annually survey on construction activity. The publication schedule is fixed and announced in advance.

The indices are used by different users. The National Accounts department is the relevant internal user. Users of statistical data on construction production indices can be found in all areas: individual citizens, business entities, media, state government as well as academic, scientific and research institutions and non-government organizations, Eurostat.

On biennial basis (once in two years), by the means of web interview, implemented is the User Satisfaction Survey. The survey results are available at SORS website: https://www.stat.gov.rs/en-US/o-nama/sistem-upravljanja-kvalitetom.

Indices of production in construction - total level, are available on a quarterly basis for national purpose and for Eurostat. It is in accordance with the STS requirements for countries that belong to the Group I.

Quarterly survey does not include all the reporting units performing construction work. It also does not cover any works carried out in the organization of individual owners. Therefore, once a year quarterly index has corected based on the results of the Annual Survey of construction activity.

The annual value of construction works includes the value of all construction works performed on the construction site and the value of the work performed by individuals who was estimated based on permits. On the basis of these elements the overall accuracy of the index can be considered good.

Quantifying sampling errors is not possible because the sample is not based on random sampling.

Random sampling is not carried out due to the specific character of the construction activity (the major number of enterprises executes construction works irrespective of the registered activity, every year establish new enterprises that are carriers of significant construction activity).

Applied a cut-off system for the value of construction production. Lower limit is not exactly determined and depends on the intensity of construction work at the level of each municipality individually. In the quarterly survey, covered about 600 reporting units.

Measures to reduce non-response: units are contacted by phone plus reminders are sent by post.

Quarterly indicators are transmitted to Eurostat in required schedule. The legal deadline is 45 days following the reporting period. A quarterly indicator is published in a national statistical release 40 days from the reference period and annual data are published 210 days after the end of the reference period..

Questionnaires are sent to the reporting units once (for the whole year) at the end of January. The deadline for replies is the 22th day in a month at the latest for the previous month. For annual surveys, the forms are sent to the reporting units in November of the previous year (the year in which the survey is conducted), and the collection of data from the reporting units ends 125 days after the end of the reference period.

All data are published according to the announced Publications calendar.

Link https://www.stat.gov.rs/en-US/calendar/?a=05&s=

The same concepts are used within the whole national territory.

Quarterly data have been available since 2000.

Annual since 1994 (value of construction work done) and 2011 (completed buildings).

The quarterly index is aligned to Quarterly National Accounts. Construction quarterly data on value of construction works done used for the Quarterly National Accounts compilation. It’s also compared with other indicators such as the Number of Persons Employed, Hours Worked. Comparisons are made with other data produced by the Construction Statistics Unit Monthly Report on Issued Building Permits. Results show a very similar global dynamic between the two indicators, and the attitude of building permits data to anticipate the evolution of production in the construction sector. Quarterly indices are corrected annually on the basis of results obtained from the annual survey.

Process of computation of the total value of construction production takes account of internal coherence. The components CC1 and CC2 are coherent with Total Construction.        

Not available.

The SORS general revision policy constitutes the global frame ensuring that each statistical domain shall define its own revision policy in compliance with its specific nature. 

The first results to be published are preliminary and it is possible to correct them during the next year. Data can change due to questionnaires arriving late or the corrections which are initiated by data suppliers. Revisions due to errors are implemented immediately after detection.

The data source is statistical survey ``Quarterly survey on Construction– GRAĐ31`` and "Annually survey on Construction– GRAĐ11".

Covered are legal entities registered in the Section F of NACE Rev.2. - Construction (divisions 41, 42 and 43), as well as legal entities that are not registered in the construction industry but they perform significant construction works.

Not cover all enterprises.  During the formation of covers for conducting research we select those reporting units that have performed significant activity in the previous year (according to the Annual survey of construction activity). We apply a cut-off system for the value. Lower limit is not exactly determined and depends on the territory in which the construction work is performed. In the quarterly survey, covered about 600 reporting units.

Data are collected quarterly and annually.

Data are collected with a paper questionnaire (GRAĐ-31, GRAĐ-11).  Questionnaires are sent to reporting units by post for all quarters at the beginning of the year. Also, the questionnaire is located on the website and reporting units can use it. Reporting units may send completed questionnaires by post, fax or e-mail. Questionnaires can also be filled through the web application.

Actions taken to speed up or increase the rate of response: re-contacts by mail or post (written remainders), telephone contacts.

Data quality checks are done by manual revision of questionnaires and procedures of logical control. Collected data are first checked and verified during the process of data entering. After that quality checking is carried out by using a set of strict manual and electronic logical and calculation controls. Reports that fail to meet the quality standards are subject to verification and are corrected as required.

Obtained results from the actual reporting period are compared with the previous and the corresponding reporting period of the previous year. Furthermore the indices are crosschecked with the hours of works and number of persons employed of the same category. If inconsistencies are detected the data must be verified at micro level again by using raw data of the questionnaire and possibly changed.

For logical control and corrections of errors is used Integrated Survey Tool (IST). IST is a software package that includes the process of data entry, logical control and production of output tables.

Quarterly data are collected on the base of cut-off survey, without a random sample of enterprises and without an estimate for smaller units.

Reporting units that did not send filled-in questionnaires or did not fully complete the questionnaire are contacted by phone and asked to send the filled-in questionnaire for the current quarter or to provide the missing data.

The Index of Production in Construction (IPC) is simple index. Indices are calculated on the average of the base year 2021. 

Indexes that have been published in national publications calculated on the previous quarter and the previous year.

Method of weighting and chaining is not available. Indices of producer’s prices of elements and materials incorporated in construction are used as the price deflator for Index of Production in Construction.

The annual value of construction works includes the value of all construction works performed on the construction site and the value of the work performed by individuals who was estimated based on permits. On the basis of these elements the overall accuracy of the index can be considered good.

Quarterly data is working day and seasonally adjusted.

More information about the seasonal adjustment please see in Annex.

Not available.